Which American biologist warned about pesticides and helped establish the EPA, as shown by Silent Spring?

• A. Jane Goodall
• B. Barbara McClintock
• C. Rachel Carson
• D. Aldo Leopold

Answer: (C)

Rachel Carson, an American biologist, wrote Silent Spring in 1962 to warn that widespread pesticide use, especially DDT, was harming wildlife and potentially human health. Her compelling, well-documented case helped ignite the modern environmental movement and put pressure on policymakers, contributing to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970 and the tightening of pesticide regulations. The other figures are renowned in their own fields—Jane Goodall for chimpanzee research, Barbara McClintock for genetic elements called transposons, and Aldo Leopold for land ethics and conservation—but none authored Silent Spring or spurred the EPA’s formation.